Ultrasonic cleaning process and selection of cleaning solution

在購買清洗系統(tǒng)之前，應(yīng)對被清洗件做如下應(yīng)用分析：明確被洗件的材料構(gòu)成、結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)量，分析并明確要清除的污物，這些都是決定所要使用什么樣的清洗方法，判斷應(yīng)用水性清洗液還是用溶劑的先決條件。終的清洗工藝還需做清洗實驗來驗證。只有這樣，才能提供合適的清洗系統(tǒng)、設(shè)計合理的清洗工序以及清洗液。考慮到清洗液的物理特性對超聲清洗的影響，其中蒸汽壓、表面張力、黏度以及密度應(yīng)為顯著的影響因素。溫度能影響這些因素，所以它也會影響空化作用的效率。任何清洗系統(tǒng)使用清洗液。

Before purchasing the cleaning system, the following application analysis shall be made for the cleaned parts: to clarify the material composition, structure and quantity of the cleaned parts, to analyze and clarify the dirt to be removed, which are the prerequisites for determining the cleaning method to be used and determining whether to use aqueous cleaning solution or solvent. The final cleaning process needs to be verified by cleaning experiment. Only in this way can we provide appropriate cleaning system, reasonably designed cleaning process and cleaning solution. Considering the influence of the physical properties of the cleaning solution on ultrasonic cleaning, the steam pressure, surface tension, viscosity and density should be the significant factors. Temperature can affect these factors, so it will also affect the efficiency of cavitation. Any cleaning system uses cleaning fluid.

選擇清洗液時，應(yīng)考慮以下三個因素：

Three factors should be considered when selecting cleaning fluid:

1．清洗效率：選擇有效的清洗溶劑時，一定要做實驗。如在現(xiàn)有的清洗工藝中引入超聲，所使用的溶劑一般不必變更；

1. cleaning efficiency: when selecting effective cleaning solvent, experiments must be done. If ultrasound is introduced into the existing cleaning process, the solvent used generally does not need to be changed;

2．操作簡單：所使用的液體應(yīng)無毒、操作簡單且使用壽命長；

2. simple operation: the liquid used shall be non-toxic, easy to operate and long service life;

3．成本：廉價的清洗溶劑的使用成本并不一定低。使用中考慮到溶劑的清洗效率、性、一定量的溶劑可清洗多少工件利用率高等因素。當(dāng)然，所選擇的清洗溶劑達到清洗效果，并應(yīng)與所清洗的工件材料相容。水為普通的清洗液，故使用水基溶液的系統(tǒng)操作簡便、使用成本低、應(yīng)用廣泛。然而對某些材料以及污垢等并不適用于水性溶液，那么還有許多溶劑可供選用。不同的清洗液，要區(qū)分的清洗系統(tǒng)水性系統(tǒng)：通常由敞口槽組成，工件浸沒其中。而復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)由多個槽組成，并配備循環(huán)過濾系統(tǒng)、沖淋槽、干燥槽以及其它附件。

3. cost: the cost of cheap cleaning solvent is not necessarily low. In use, the factors such as cleaning efficiency and efficiency of the solvent, how many workpieces can be cleaned with a certain amount of solvent, and high utilization rate shall be considered. Of course, the selected cleaning solvent achieves the cleaning effect and should be compatible with the workpiece material to be cleaned. Water is a common cleaning solution, so the system using water-based solution has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and wide application. However, some materials and dirt are not suitable for aqueous solutions, so there are many solvents to choose from. For different cleaning fluids, the cleaning systems to be distinguished are water-based systems: usually composed of open tanks in which the workpiece is immersed. The complex system consists of multiple tanks and is equipped with circulating filtration system, rinsing tank, drying tank and other accessories.

溶劑系統(tǒng)：多為超聲波汽相除油脂清洗機，常配備廢液連續(xù)回收裝置。超聲波汽相清除油脂過程是由溶劑蒸發(fā)槽和超聲浸洗槽成的集成式多槽系統(tǒng)完成的。在熱的溶劑蒸汽和超聲激蕩共同用下，油、脂、蠟以及其他溶于溶劑的污垢就被除去。經(jīng)過一列清洗工序后下料的工件發(fā)熱、潔凈、干燥。

Solvent system: most of them are ultrasonic vapor phase grease removal cleaning machines, which are often equipped with waste liquid continuous recovery devices. The ultrasonic vapor phase grease removal process is completed by an integrated multi tank system composed of solvent evaporation tank and ultrasonic immersion tank. With the combination of hot solvent vapor and ultrasonic agitation, oil, grease, wax and other dirt dissolved in solvent are removed. After a series of cleaning procedures, the workpiece is hot, clean and dry.

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